Fat oxidation in obese animal models
Heffernan 2001 showed that AOD-9604 (a C-terminal hGH fragment) increased fat oxidation in obese ob/ob mice without affecting linear growth or hGH-mediated insulin resistance. The molecule was rationally designed to retain hGH's lipolytic action without growth/IGF-1 effects. The animal data are clean — but the human translation never delivered.
0 human studies · 6 animal studies
Key findings & citations
- Heffernan 2001: chronic AOD-9604 reduced body weight in ob/ob mice via fat oxidation.
- No effect on linear growth (no IGF-1 elevation).
- Mechanism: hGH lipolytic fragment retaining β3-AR signaling.
Top citations
Our take
The mouse data is genuine. The human story is the cautionary half — multiple Phase 2 trials in humans missed primary endpoints and Metabolic Pharmaceuticals abandoned it.







